In the midst of the unexpected chaos that an earthquake brings, even the best of us can find ourselves making crucial errors. “Common Mistakes People Make During an Earthquake” highlights the key missteps that could put your safety at risk, from poor preparation to dangerous reactions during the quake itself. Understanding these mistakes can equip you with the knowledge to better protect yourself and your loved ones when the ground starts to shake. Have you ever found yourself wondering what to do if an earthquake happens? You’re not alone! Many people aren’t sure how to handle this unexpected disaster, leading to mistakes that can be easily avoided. Let’s delve into some common errors people make during an earthquake and how you can stay safe.
Table of Contents
Understanding Earthquakes
Before we dive into the mistakes, it’s essential to understand what an earthquake is and why knowing the proper safety measures can make a significant difference.
What is an Earthquake?
An earthquake is the shaking of the surface of the earth resulting from a sudden release of energy in the Earth’s lithosphere, creating seismic waves. They can cause major damage and lead to loss of life if proper measures are not taken.
Why Earthquake Safety is Crucial
Earthquakes are unpredictable and can happen without warning. Being prepared and knowing what to do can reduce the risk of injury and increase your chances of survival. Confidence in knowing the right steps can also help keep you calm during the event.
Common Mistakes During an Earthquake
It’s easy to panic when the ground starts shaking. Here are some common mistakes people often make:
Ignoring Earthquake Preparedness
One of the biggest mistakes is assuming an earthquake won’t happen to you. Ignoring the possibility and failing to prepare can leave you vulnerable.
Poorly Secured Furniture
Heavy items like bookshelves, televisions, and cabinets can fall during an earthquake. Not securing these items properly can lead to serious injuries.
Tip: Use brackets and straps to secure heavy items to walls.
Standing in Doorways
There’s a common myth that a doorway is a safe spot during an earthquake. This is not true for modern homes, as doorways aren’t necessarily stronger than other parts of the house and can actually be dangerous.
Running Outside
Your instinct might be to run outside, but this can be risky due to falling debris. It’s usually safer to stay indoors and find a safe place to take cover.
Not Knowing the Drop, Cover, and Hold On Technique
If you don’t know the basic safety technique of “Drop, Cover, and Hold On,” you may not respond correctly. This technique is proven to be effective in reducing injuries during an earthquake.
Drop, Cover, and Hold On Technique
Let’s break down this life-saving method so you can be confident in knowing what to do.
Step 1: Drop
When you feel the shaking, drop to your hands and knees. This position helps prevent you from being knocked over and allows you to move if necessary.
Step 2: Cover
Cover your head and neck with your arms, and if possible, seek shelter under a sturdy table or desk. Protecting your head and neck is critical as these areas are the most vulnerable during falling debris.
Step 3: Hold On
Hold on to your shelter (if you have one) until the shaking stops. If you’re under a piece of furniture, hold onto it with one hand and cover your neck with the other.
What To Do if You’re Indoors
Staying indoors can be safe if you follow the right steps.
Stay Away from Windows and Glass
Glass can shatter and cause injuries, so it’s best to keep your distance.
Protect Your Head and Neck
Use anything available, such as a pillow or book, to protect your head from falling objects.
Avoid Elevators
Elevators can get stuck or malfunction, so use stairs if an evacuation is necessary after the shaking stops.
What To Do if You’re Outdoors
Being outdoors doesn’t necessarily make you safe. Here’s how to minimize risk.
Move to an Open Area
If you’re in a city, try moving to a park or open space away from buildings, streetlights, and utility wires.
Watch for Hazards
Be aware of your surroundings and watch for hazards like falling debris, cracks in the ground, and other dangers.
What To Do if You’re in a Vehicle
Driving during an earthquake can be confusing. Here’s the right approach.
Pull Over Safely
Quickly find a clear spot to pull over, avoiding buildings, trees, overpasses, and utility wires.
Stay Inside Your Vehicle
Your car can provide protection from debris. Only leave your vehicle if it’s unsafe to stay inside (e.g., near a bridge or overpass).
What To Do if You’re in a High-Rise Building
High-rises present unique challenges during an earthquake.
Stay Clear of Windows
Move away from windows and outside walls that can break and cause injury.
Do Not Use Elevators
After the shaking stops, use the stairs for evacuation if necessary. Avoid elevators as they may break or trap you.
After the Earthquake
Once the shaking stops, it’s not necessarily safe. Here are some steps to follow:
Check for Injuries
Help yourself and others who may be hurt. Administer first aid as needed but avoid moving seriously injured people unless they are in immediate danger.
Inspect Utilities
Check for gas leaks, electrical damage, and water line issues. Turn off utilities if you suspect damage, but only if it’s safe to do so.
Be Prepared for Aftershocks
Aftershocks are smaller quakes that occur after the initial quake and can cause further damage. Be prepared to drop, cover, and hold on again.
Preparing for an Earthquake
Preparation can significantly reduce the impact of an earthquake on your life.
Create an Emergency Kit
An emergency kit should contain water, non-perishable food, first aid supplies, medications, a flashlight, batteries, and other essentials. Make sure everyone in your household knows where the kit is stored.
Develop a Family Communication Plan
Ensure your family knows where to meet and how to communicate if separated during an earthquake. Having a predetermined plan can reduce anxiety and confusion.
Secure Your Home
Secure heavy furniture and use earthquake straps for appliances. Install latches on cabinets to prevent items from falling out.
Participate in Drills
Practicing earthquake drills can help you react quickly and correctly when the real thing happens. Schools and workplaces often conduct drills, but it’s a good idea to practice at home too.
Common Mistakes During Aftershocks
A major quake is often followed by aftershocks, and people can make similar mistakes during these subsequent quakes.
Becoming Complacent
Thinking it’s all over after the first quake is a mistake. Aftershocks can be just as dangerous.
Not Inspecting for Structural Damage
Failing to check for and address structural damage can be dangerous if another shock hits.
Staying Near Unsafe Structures
Aftershocks can cause already weakened structures to collapse, so it’s important to avoid them.
Myths About Earthquake Safety
There are many myths about earthquake safety that can lead you astray. Let’s debunk some of the most common ones.
Myth 1: Standing in a Doorway is Safe
As mentioned earlier, modern doorways aren’t necessarily safer than other parts of your home.
Myth 2: Earthquakes Only Happen in Certain Places
While some areas are more prone to earthquakes, they can happen almost anywhere. Being prepared is always good practice.
Myth 3: Small Quakes Relieve Pressure
There’s a belief that small quakes relieve pressure, preventing a bigger one. However, small quakes don’t significantly affect the potential for a larger quake.
Emergency Communication Strategies
When an earthquake occurs, communication can become challenging. Having a plan ensures you can stay in contact with your loved ones.
Establish an Out-of-Town Contact
An out-of-town contact can help relay information to and from family members if local communication is disrupted.
Use Text Messaging
Text messages are more likely to go through than phone calls during emergency situations. They take up less bandwidth and can be delivered even when networks are congested.
Social Media
Platforms like Facebook and Twitter can be useful for checking in and finding out information. Make sure to follow reliable sources for updates.
Helping Others
Your knowledge can help others around you stay safe.
Educate Your Community
Share what you know about earthquake preparedness and safety with friends, family, and community members. The more people are prepared, the safer everyone will be.
Volunteer
Consider joining or supporting local emergency response teams. These organizations always need volunteers and can provide valuable training.
Conclusion
Preparing for an earthquake doesn’t have to be daunting. By understanding common mistakes and knowing how to react, you can protect yourself and your loved ones. Remember to stay calm, follow the “Drop, Cover, and Hold On” technique, and be prepared for aftershocks. Spread the knowledge to others—after all, we’re all in this together, and a well-prepared community is a safer community.
By taking these steps, you’re investing in your safety and peace of mind. Stay safe!